SAT文法知识点第1期

一、动词

主谓一致

1. 含义：

主语和谓语的单复数一致，比如主语是复数，谓语动词必须是复数，要保持一致。

例如：Students are taking the test right now.

2. 用法：

(1) N1 介词 N2 动词

(2) N1 后置定语 动词

(3) N1，插入语，动词

(1) N1 介词 N2 动词

a) 定义：

i. N2受到介词的限制，是 N1的修饰语，N1是句子的主语；

ii. 介词：of, among, on, in, at, with, by, for, at

b) 例句

例句1：The friends of Tom are from America.

解释：Tom受到of的限制，意思为Tom的，修饰主语friends，所以谓语动词是复数are。

例句2：Tom among all his classmates is good at math.

解释：all his classmates受到among的限制，意思为在他所有的同学之中，修饰主语Tom，所以谓语动词是单数。

c) 真题检测

(2017-05NA-Q43) Examination of fulgurites around buried power systems help scientists determine the most effective shielding materials for power lines.

A. NO CHANGE

B. have helped

C. are helping

D. is helping

解析：fulgurites around buried power systems为examination的修饰语，主语为examination单数，所以排除A/B/C选项，只有D是单数，所以选D。

注：2017-05NA-Q43为2017年5月北美真题43题。

(2) N1 后置定语 动词

a) 定义

后置定语修饰N1，所以谓语动词的单复数还是由N1决定。

b) 例句

例句1: Tom carried all his books studies in the library now.

解析：carried all his books修饰主语Tom, 所以谓语动词是单数studies。

c) 真题检测

(2017-05AS-Q11) The best way to address these concerns about accuracy and privacy are not to avoid adopting electronic health record systems but rather to implement them effectively.

A. NO CHANGE

B. have been

C. had been

D. is 

解析：to address these concerns about accuracy and privacy为the best way的修饰语，主语为the best way，是单数，所以排除A/B/C，D是单数is，所以选D。

注：2017-05AS-Q11为2017年5月亚太真题11题。

(3) N1，插入语，动词

a) 定义

插入语修饰N1，所以谓语动词的单复数还是由N1决定。

b) 例句

例句1: Tom, a handsome guy, studies SAT.

解析：a handsome guy修饰主语Tom, 所以谓语动词是单数studies。

c)  真题检测

(2017-10AS-Q35) Any New York City construction project, using municipal funds,  

are required to consider whether historical artifacts will be affected during construction

A. NO CHANGE

B. have been

C. is

D. were

解析：using municipal funds为Any New York City construction project的插入语，不影响动词单复数的判断，主语为Any New York City construction project，是单数，所以排除A/B/D，所以选C。