北美托福写作大讲堂

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.

第 一个步骤：

审题：该题目属于双关键词题型；即对比“working at home using computers or telephones”和“working in the office”

第二个步骤：可以进行相应的brainstorm

1、Working at home using computers or telephones；

Pros: freedom, lower cost for companies, high efficiency...

Cons: need stronger self-discipline/control...

注意：在进行理由点输出的时候，需要关注以下几个问题，即critical thinking&dimension

2、working at office；

Pros: high efficiency

Cons: the depressed work atmosphere

第三个步骤：布局

针对该题型，一般可供选择的骨架结构为三种；

1、首段/主体段1/主体段2/让步段/尾段

2、首段/主体段/diss 段/尾段-“褒一贬一”

3、首段/contrast1/contrast2/尾段-“寻找same point”

以下的文章选择第 一种常见的骨架结构进行论证：

首段：

针对首段，首先确定其骨架结构：Background/introduction+opinion

In modern life, important inventions such as computers and telephones have exerted a significant effect on our daily life, especially the way of working. 【针对computer and telephones进行相关的定义阐述】Recently, which method, working at home using computers and telephones or working at the office,（如果两个关键词的长度较长，可采取插入语的方式） is better for employees to finish assigned work has aroused a public concern. 【引发讨论，过渡到下面的opinion】I, personally, convince that former can bring some obvious benefits with the following reasons.

主体段1：

主体段的骨架结构较多，要根据不同的题型进行搭建

即：T+S+C

T：topic sentence；大家要着重关注不能把explanation里面的点拿过来写-“便于展开”

S：supporting sentence

①explanation+evidence/example

②contrast

③reasoning

④stylistic elements

C: conclusion

First and foremost, home is favored by staffs to work, which effectively facilitates their life.【topic sentence-非限制性定语从句的使用】As we all know, workers required to accomplish task in the office, they will have to spend some time on the road to the company.【独立主格的运用】 Based on this condition, the time that should be used on other meaningful things greatly perplex（困扰） their daily life. As a matter of fact, however, hardly could this phenomenon happen in working at home by using computers or telephones.【倒装句】

对于explanation的陈述，一般所采取的措施有三种：

①正常叙述即可，理清逻辑，展开充分

②侧面的烘托，一般双关键词的采用的较多

③类比的写法，这种情况适用去解释相对较抽象的topic sentence

For example, many people working in Beijing have to get up very early in the morning to take the over-crowded subway or bus to their working places. Notable, time used on the road 【后置定语】usually lasts up to an hour. By contrast, if people choose to work at home by using computers or telephones instead of working in the office, this wasted time will be saved and utilized to do some practical things.

在进行阐述example/evidence的时候，需要注意的是具象化，“lasts up to an hour”这个非常的关键。

主体段2：

What’s more, employers will another beneficiary from the practice of working at home. 【topic sentence】On one hand, provided that more and more employees choose telecommuting, the company’s cost in office and equipment will drop. To be explicit, the overhead of running a company include various bills, such as utilities, computers and office space, which will be saved by telecommuting. 【展开1】On the other hand, working independently at home will improve the working efficiency, which makes more profits for the company. 【展开2】According to a survey conducted by the department of psychology in Boston University, under the condition that there was no interruption from others, the amount of work done in the same amount of time increases dramatically, even by twice as much as before. 【example/evidence的另一种方式-statistic】

让步段：　

Admittedly, some preponderances 【优势】do exist in working in office. To be more specific, it will enhance people’s social skills by communicating with colleagues and boss, while working at home may alienate 【使...疏远】the relationship with coworkers.【先承认对方的合理性】 However, the above reason does not bear further analysis. Working at home does not means that telecommuters at home have no chances to communicate with others. In fact, by using the electronic gadgets such as computers and phones, they are more likely to meet a larger group of people from all walks of life, thus acquiring stronger social skills.【再对对方进行相应的驳斥-主语+谓语+宾语, doing...】

Tips：这边的让步驳斥需要注意其位置，一般的位置有“单独成段”、“句中”、“句前”，需依据不同的论证方式进行选择；其次，让步驳斥需要关注单一关键词题型与其他题型的区别，逻辑很重要。

尾段：

In a nutshell, considering above-mentioned factors, unlike working in the office, working at home by using computers or telephones seems to be much more colorful.