3分钟托福写作提2分｜工作时，决定沟通方式最重要的因素是什么？

来看看本期题目

Dr. Achebe
When deciding whether to use written communication (such as email, messaging apps) or oral communication (such as face - to - face, phone calls) in the workplace, what is the most important factor to consider?

Kelly
Privacy is the most important factor. If the content involves personal privacy or confidential information, written communication is better as it allows control over the audience. For example, her father always uses email to communicate private matters with his boss instead of discussing them openly in an open - office environment.

Andrew
The degree of familiarity with the other party is crucial. When dealing with colleagues one is not familiar with, it is better to start with an email as a sudden face - to - face chat may disrupt their work process. After getting to know each other better, face - to - face communication is more relaxed and less likely to cause interference.

先来审个题
Whether to written communication (1) (such as email, messaging apps) or oral communication (1) (such as face - to - face, phone calls) in the workplace (2), what is the most important factor (3) to consider?

(1) 限定沟通方式：【书面沟通】或者【口头沟通】
(2) 明确写作背景：工作场景，非生活场景
(3) 决定沟通方式的【一个】关键因素，而非多个因素

SAMPLE ANSWER

In my opinion, the urgency of a matter is the key determinant in deciding whether to meet in-person or to communicate via email, particularly in a professional context. For businesses, both employees and employers value effectiveness and efficiency. When the situation is not urgent, email is often the preferred method. It conserves time that would otherwise be spent traveling and allows for flexibility in scheduling other tasks. For instance, if an employer needs to collect feedback from team members about a planned spring outing next week, an email would be an efficient way to gather information and opinions without requiring immediate responses or decisions. With a few keystrokes and mouse clicks, the communication process is nearly complete.

Conversely, in-person meetings are essential when the case is urgent, because high engagement and direct interaction are required. Such communication allows participants to contribute ideas face-to-face, respond spontaneously to others' attitudes and emotions through facial expressions and body language, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the work. For example, when discussing the intricacies and steps of a project to meet client demands, a face-to-face meeting is crucial. It enables the team to brainstorm, develop a desirable plan, and ultimately generate profits for the company.

1词汇和短语

1.key determinant 关键决定性因素
例句1：In an individual's career, tenacity is a key determinant of success.
中文释义：在个人职业生涯中，毅力是成功的关键决定因素。

例句 2：A key determinant of how people experienced these events was their political affiliation.
中文释义：人们如何看待这些事件的一个关键决定因素是他们的政治倾向。

同义/近义替换：
Crucial/Critical/Vital/Decisive Factor决定性因素
Primary Driver主要驱动因素

2.professional context 职业背景
例句1：While emojis are common in personal chats, their use in a professional context requires caution, as they can be easily misinterpreted.
中文释义：虽然表情符号在私人聊天中很常见，但在职业语境中使用需要谨慎，因为它们很容易被误解。

例句2：The ability to negotiate is valuable, but applying it in a professional context differs significantly from informal bargaining.
中文释义：谈判能力很有价值，但在职业环境中应用它与非正式的讨价还价有很大不同。

地道替代表达：
In the workplace/office在工作场所
In the corporate world/realm在企业界/商界
Among professionals/colleagues/peers在专业人士/同事/同行中

3.conserve time 节省时间
例句1：Outsourcing payroll processing conserve the HR team's time to focus on talent development.
中文释义：将薪酬处理外包释放了人力资源团队的时间，使其能专注于人才发展。

同义/近义替换：
Free up time 强调“释放”时间，用于更重要的事
Economize time 精打细算地利用时间，强调时间分配的优化策略
Cut down on time 减少特定活动的时间占比，用于对比优化前后的时间差异

4. flexibility in scheduling 灵活安排时间
例句1：This project requires a certain degree of flexibility in scheduling to accommodate unexpected delays.
中文释义：该项目需要一定程度的进度安排灵活性以应对意外延误。

地道替代表达：
maintain a fluid/adaptable/agile schedule 灵活安排
juggle commitments 兼顾其他承诺/责任
accommodate unforeseen changes 适应不可预见的变化

5.intricacy 错综复杂的事物，细节
例句1：The research paper delves into the intricacies of the human immune response to the virus.
中文释义：该研究论文深入探讨了人类对该病毒免疫反应的复杂机理。

例句2：To appreciate the intricacy of the peace negotiations, one must understand the decades of historical grievance between the two nations.
中文释义：若要体会到和平谈判的错综复杂，就必须了解两国之间数十年的历史积怨。

同义/近义替换：
Nuance n.指细微的、难以察觉的差别和微妙之处。
例句：Only a native speaker can fully appreciate the nuances of the legal text, which are often lost in translation.
中文释义：只有母语者才能充分理解法律文本的精妙之处，这些在翻译中并不多见。

Subtlety n.更侧重于需要敏锐洞察力才能感知的、巧妙而隐蔽的微妙之处。
例句：The subtleties of the engine's design are what give it an edge in performance and efficiency.
中文释义：该发动机设计中的精妙之处正是其性能和效率领先的原因。

Tangle n.缠结，比喻混乱的、难以摆脱的复杂局面，常带有负面含义
例句：The war has created a tangle of humanitarian, logistical, and diplomatic problems.
中文释义：这场战争造成了一系列人道主义、后勤和外交上的混乱难题。

6.spontaneously 自发地
例句1：Prices did not spontaneously adjust to the shock; instead, they were propped up by government intervention.
中文释义：价格并未自发地根据冲击进行调整，而是被政府干预支撑着。

例句2：Social norms are rarely created by decree; they evolve spontaneously over generations.
中文释义：社会规范很少通过法令创建；它们是历经数代人自发演变而来的。

同义/近义替换：
Of its own accord 自动地，自愿地
Unbidden 自发的，不由自主的

例句：A sense of collective solidarity arose unbidden among the citizens during the crisis.
中文释义：危机期间，一种集体团结感自发地在市民中涌现。

7.brainstorm 头脑风暴
例句1：Faced with the supply-chain crisis, executives brainstormed unorthodox workarounds, from chartering private ships to stockpiling key components.
中文释义：面对供应链危机，高管们群策群力，探讨了各种非传统的变通方案，从包租私人船只到囤积关键零部件。

例句2：The prime minister's team spent the weekend brainstorming damage-control strategies after the poll numbers plummeted.
中文释义：在民意调查数据暴跌后，首相的团队花了整个周末集思广益制定损害控制策略。

同义/近义替换：
Workshop v.研讨，指“通过研讨会的形式深入探讨和打磨方案”
devise solutions提出解决方案
bounce ideas off someone与他人讨论想法以获取意见或建议

2地道表达

1.preferred method 方式
例句：While email is efficient, a face-to-face meeting is often the preferred method for delivering sensitive feedback, as it allows for nuance and immediate dialogue.
中文释义：虽然电子邮件很高效，但面对面会议通常是传达敏感反馈的方法，因为它允许细微的表达和即时的对话。

同义/近义替换：
The favored instrument/tool/tactic青睐的工具/方法
Method/tactic/vessel of choice 方法

2.high engagement 高度参与
例句1：Firms with a highly engaged workforce consistently report above-average productivity and lower absenteeism.
中文释义：拥有高度投入的员工队伍的公司持续报告了高于平均水平的生产力和更低的缺勤率。

例句2：A culture of autonomy and purpose, not foosball tables, is what drives genuine engagement.
中文释义：是自主性和目标感的文化，而非桌上足球，真正驱动着员工的投入。

同义/近义替换：
be deeply invested (in)全身心投入
Active involvement积极参与
Zealous participation狂热参与

3.direct interaction 直接互动/交流
地道替代表达：
Personal rapport通过直接互动建立的“融洽的个人关系”
例句：The success of the joint venture hinged on the personal rapport between the two CEOs, forged over years of summits and site visits.
中文释义：该合资企业的成功取决于两位首席执行官之间融洽的个人关系，这种关系是在多年的峰会和实地考察中锻造而成的。

Unmediated exchange直接/真实交流
例句：The town-hall format allowed for an unmediated exchange of views between constituents and their representative.
中文释义：市政厅会议的形式允许选民与其代表进行直接交流。

3语法与长难句分析：

1. It conserves time that would otherwise be spent traveling and allows for flexibility in scheduling other tasks.
中文释义：这样做省去了来回奔波的时间，同时也让其他工作的安排更灵活。
语法分析：并列句中包含一个定语从句。
and将It conserves time…和allows for flexibility…连接形成一个并列句。
定语从句：It conserves time that would otherwise be spent traveling.
关系代词that指代先行词time，在从句中作主语。
从句谓语：would be spent其中would在句中引导虚拟语气，暗示一种与当前事实相反的假设。实际情况则为“因为用了邮件，所以时间没有真的被浪费”。otherwise（否则）一词配合引导虚拟语气。
介词短语：in scheduling other tasks作后置定语，修饰flexibility，说明“在哪些方面具有灵活性”。

2. Conversely, in-person meetings are essential when the case is urgent, because high engagement and direct interaction are required.
中文释义：反之，如果事情紧急，就需要进行面对面会议，因为这类会议能确保各方高度投入并直接互动。
语法分析：2个复合句：时间状语从句+原因状语从句
时间状语从句：…when the case is urgent
从属连词:when,该时间状语从句表明面对面会议发生的时间，当情况紧急时面对面会议是至关重要的
原因状语从句：…, because high engagement and direct interaction are required.
从属连词:because,该原因状语从句表明在紧急时面对面会议至关重要的原因，因为这类会议能确保各方高度投入并直接互动。
逻辑层面：此句在叙述时没有简单地说面对面会议至关重要，而是通过多个状语叠加的方式将面对面会议的“重要性”体现出来。

3. It enables the team to brainstorm, develop a desirable plan, and ultimately generate profits for the company.
中文释义：这让团队可以集思广益，拟定出完善的方案，并最终为公司实现盈利。
语法分析：to brainstorm…动词不定式短语涉及非谓语动词的使用，三个宾语补足语体现并列平行结构。
动词不定式中的to在个动词brainstorm前面出现一次，develop和generate由连词and连接，避免重复的to…, to… and to…的形式出现。
逻辑层面：brainstorm, develop, generate这3个动词是连续、递进的动作，描绘了从“初步设想”到“形成”再到“实现”的完整过程。另外用副词ultimately修饰generate体现为了前期所做的事最终带来了好的结果。
brainstorm 发散思维，迸发出想法
develop a desirable plan 收集想法，形成方案
generate profits 执行方案，实现公司盈利的目标

4内容衔接与连贯性：

1. 明确观点：开头表明中心观点—“urgency”是最为关键的因素，后文的叙述都是围绕着urgency来展开的。

2. 对比论证：段“非紧急情况—用email”和第二段“紧急情况—面对面沟通”形成对比论证，且两段使用相似的叙述方式(观点—理由—举例论证)体现层次分明。

3. 例子和观点高度契合：两段中提到的“下周春游计划”和“项目满足客户需求”分别对应“非紧急”和“紧急”的情况，内容之间更为连贯。

4. 逻辑连接词丰富多样：使用when, because, conversely, for instance等词体现句与句之间的因果、转折、举例的逻辑关系。

5. 指代清晰：使用it conserves time/it enables, such communication等代词进行指代避免重复，使表达更加衔接自然。