支招托福作文 | 学术讨论范文（43）

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Question
2025年4月23日的托福c套学术讨论范文

Your professor is teaching a class on business. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response, you should do the following.
•Express and support your opinion. 
•Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Achebe
In many countries, the standard workweek consists of eight hours of work each day for five days per week. Now, though, some people advocate a shorter workweek: a four-day workweek with no decrease in workers’ pay. There are advantages and disadvantages to this of course. What is your opinion about instituting a shorter, four-day workweek, and why?

Andrew
I like that idea, but on one condition: that the workday is no longer than eight hours. I have heard some plans require ten hours a day for a four-day week. Yes to four-day weeks, but no to ten-hour days!

Claire
In my country, the workweek is Monday to Friday plus half a day on Saturday, so moving to a four-day workweek would be too drastic a change! Workers might struggle to complete their tasks in a four-day workweek. It seems less stressful to spread work out over more days rather than trying to condense it all into a shorter week.

范文正文

I don’t think it is a good idea to implement a shorter, four-day workweek.【it形式主语】As Claire mentioned, a trimmed-down workweek often leads to a heavier overall workload, disrupting established routines and negatively impacting employees’ health. Consider the example of a middle school trial where teachers work only four days a week.【限制性定语从句】Despite the shortened schedule, the total teaching hours remain unchanged.This means that lessons, originally spread over five days, must now be delivered in just four, requiring teachers to cover the same—or even more—content in less time.【表语从句+插入结构+分词短语】Unfortunately, this often results in teachers having to provide extra one-on-one support outside of class to maintain student performance, not to mention the impact on class discussions and students’ ability to retain information. Furthermore, although classroom time is condensed, the workload for tasks such as lesson planning and grading does not decrease. Essentially, the burden of these supplementary tasks is simply shifted, with teachers sacrificing their evenings—or even the so-called fifth day off—to catch up on work. When the quality of rest is compromised, off-the-clock labor can lead to burnout and diminished job satisfaction, counteracting the intended benefits of a shorter workweek.【时间状语从句+分词短语】In conclusion, only with corresponding adjustments in workload can such a work schedule deliver on its promise.【倒装结构】

写作思路和特色

这道题是2025年4月23日C套托福学术讨论写作真题。同样地，这也是托福考试反复出现的学术讨论写作题目之一，出现在2023年8月16日托福家考。在这道表明立场类题目中，教授提问：对于推行每周四天工作制且员工薪资不减少的做法，你们有何看法？Andrew表示有条件地同意，他赞成每周工作四天，但每个工作日的时长不能超过八小时，否则大多数员工会觉得疲惫不堪，这样反而可能适得其反；Claire则表示不同意，因为员工们可能难以在四天内完成所有工作任务；相反，把工作分摊到更多的工作日中，会让员工觉得更轻松。

这篇文章采用了“个人观点+因果论证+举例论证+总结”的写作结构，明确反对推行每周四天工作制做法。文章首先引用Claire的论证角度，指出四天工作制可能带来的问题，即工作量不减反增，从而打乱既有作息，损害身心健康。接着，文章以中学教师为例，阐述虽然教师每周只在校四天，但授课总时长未变，原本分散在五天的课程被压缩到四天内完成，不仅课内需要在更短时间内教授相同甚至更多内容，课外还需提供额外的一对一辅导以维持教学质量，学生的课堂互动和知识吸收也难以兼顾。与此同时，教师备课和批改作业等任务量并未减少，反而压缩了教师的休息时间，牺牲了休息质量，使“休息日”名存实亡；长期如此容易导致倦怠、工作满意度下降，与四天工作制的初衷背道而驰。文章最后得出结论：唯有同时对工作量进行实质性调整，每周工作四天才能真正实现初衷。

文章选材贴近现实，举例具体且具有说服力，论证层层递进，逻辑清晰，体现出对现实问题的深入思考。语言方面，用词简练，表达，句式多样，连接自然，能有效支撑观点。

用词用语整理

【表语从句+插入结构+分词短语】
“This means that lessons, originally spread over five days, must now be delivered in just four, requiring teachers to cover the same—or even more—content in less time.” 这句话通过具体说明四天工作制下教学时间的压缩，突出教师工作强度加大，从而强化了文章关于新制度加重负担、弊大于利的中心论点。其中，表语从句作为整个句子的核心结构，承上启下地解释四天工作制所带来的直接结果；插入结构“originally spread over five days”补充说明了原本的课程安排，通过突出新旧时间的对比，为后文“must now be delivered in just four”这一转变提供背景，强调时间先后的变化，增强论述的逻辑性和说服力；现在分词短语则作结果状语，表示时间压缩后所带来的直接后果，即教师负担的加重，共同加强了论点的表达效果。 

【时间状语从句+分词短语】
“When the quality of rest is compromised, off-the-clock labor can lead to burnout and diminished job satisfaction, counteracting the intended benefits of a shorter workweek.” 这句话从教师身心健康的角度总结前文，指出休息质量下降将抵消四天工作制原本带来的好处，从而有力加强了文章的反对立场。其中，时间状语从句强调因果逻辑的起点，分词短语作伴随状语突出结果影响，两者共同增强了句子的逻辑性和论证力度。 

【倒装结构】
“In conclusion, only with corresponding adjustments in workload can such a work schedule deliver on its promise.” 这句话作为全文总结，明确指出只有在调整工作量的前提下，四天工作制才能真正实现预期效果，进一步重申和强调了文章的反对立场。其中，倒装结构将助动词“can”置于主语“such a work schedule”之前，是对“only with…”这一限制性状语置于句首后的语法倒装，强调了“只有在调整工作量”的这一前提条件，使语气更加强烈、观点更加突出。 

implement（实施，执行）：指把计划、政策、制度、决定等真正付诸行动、开始实行，一般用于正式场合，如政府、公司、组织等的行为。在文章中准确表达了将每周四天工作制付诸实践的含义。
例句：
The government has decided to implement new safety regulations.
政府决定实施新的安全规定。 

trimmed-down（精简的，缩减的）：形容词，常用于描述某物比原来的版本更加简单、小巧、紧凑，从原来的基础上做了删减或简化，去掉了不必要的部分，使其更简洁、更有效。在文章中形象地描绘了工作周在天数上的缩减，突出了四天工作制在形式上的变化，为后文揭示其实际负担未减、反而加重的论点塑造了有力的对比。
例句：
The company released a trimmed-down version of the app for older phones.
这家公司为旧款手机发布了一个精简版的应用程序。 

supplementary（额外的，附加的）：形容为了使某事物更完整或更好而提供的额外部分。在文章中用于加强批评立场，强调课外任务的附加性与额外负担，突出了四天工作制并未真正减轻教师工作压力，反而转移了负担。
例句：
Students are given supplementary exercises to help them practice grammar points.
学生会得到一些补充练习，以帮助他们练习语法要点。 

catch up on work（赶工作）：常用短语，意思是补上落下的工作或者赶上之前没做完的工作，通常是因为之前有所耽搁或者因为工作量过大。除了工作场景，catch up on还可以与homework, sleep, emails做搭配，表示之前因为某种原因没完成，现在要补做作业、补觉、补看邮件。在文章中强调教师需在原本应休息的时间弥补未完成的任务，突出四天工作制带来的隐性加班现象，从而强化了该制度加重负担的核心观点。
例句：
I stayed late to catch up on work.
我加班到很晚，把落下的工作赶完。 

off-the-clock（下班时间的，非工作时间的）：通常用于描述一个人虽然不在正式工作时间内，但可能仍然在做与工作相关的事情，或者强调某些行为不是在正式、付薪的工时内发生的，尤其在劳动法或职场场景中使用较多。在文章中同样揭示了四天工作制下隐形劳动时间增加的问题。
例句：
They are doing off-the-clock training sessions every weekend.
他们最近每个周末都在进行下班后的培训。 

counteracting（抵消，减少）：通常用于指采取行动去减弱或消除某种影响，一般在后面接上要对抗的对象，比如counteract pollution（对抗污染），counteract stress（缓解压力）等。在文章中突出了负面后果对原本预期效果的抵消作用，强化了四天工作制适得其反的核心论点，使文章的反对立场更加有力。
例句：
This medicine works by counteracting the effects of the poison.
这种药是通过抵消毒素的作用来起效的。 

deliver on its promise（兑现承诺）：通常用于评价一个人、一个产品、一个计划是否真正做到了之前说要做的事情，是否真正实现或履行了之前所做出的承诺或保证。在文章结尾中形成对前文问题的回应，突出了承诺与现实之间的落差，从而强化对该制度成效的质疑与否定。
例句：
This new phone really delivers on its promise of long battery life.
这款新手机确实兑现了承诺，电池续航真的很强。