剑桥雅思真题9阅读核心同义替换之C10-T4-R3

C10-T4-R3
1.  题干：When discussing the theory developed by Louis Dollo, the writer says that it was modified by biologists in the early twentieth century.（C10-T4-R3 T27）
原文：Early 20th-century biologists came to a similar conclusion, though they qualified it in terms of probability, and so the idea of irreversibility in evolution stuck and came to be known as ‘Dollo’s law’.
同义替换：Modified --- qualified it in terms of probability
 
2. 题干：The humpback whale caught off Vancouver Island is mentioned because of the
reason given for its unusual feature.（C10-T4-R3 T28）
原文：In 1919, for example, a humpback whale with a pair of leg-like appendages over a metre long, complete with a full set of limb bones, was caught off Vancouver Island in Canada.
同义替换：
Unusual feature --- a pair of leg-like appendages
 
3. 题干：What is said about ‘silent genes’?They could lead to the re-emergence of
certain characteristics.（C10-T4-R3 T29）
原文：They reasoned that while some evolutionary changes involve the loss of genes and are therefore irreversible, others may be the result of genes being switched off. If these silent genes are somehow switched back on, they argued, long-lost traits could reappear.
同义替换：
Re-emergence --- reappear
Characteristics --- traits
 
4. 题干：The writer mentions the mole salamander becauseit suggests that Raff’s theory is correct.（C10-T4-R3 T30）
原文：In other words, metamorphosis in mole salamanders is an atavism. The salamander example fits with Raff’s 10-million-year time frame.
同义替换：
Correct --- fit with
 
5. 题干：Which of the following does Wagner claim? Members of the Bachia lizard family have lost and regained certain features several times.（C10-T4-R3 T31）
原文：According to his analysis of the Bachia family tree, the toed species re-evolved toes from toeless ancestors and, what is more, digit loss and gain has occurred on more than one occasion over tens of millions of years.
同义替换：
Lost and regained --- loss and gain
Several times --- more than one occasion
 
6. 题干：For a long time biologists rejected the possibility of evolution being reversible.（C10-T4-R3 T32）
原文：For the better part of a century, most biologists have been reluctant to use those words, mindful of a principle of evolution that say ‘evolution cannot run backwards’.
同义替换：
Rejected --- reluctant to use; mindful of
 

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